Cell: The Unit of Life – 50 MCQs with Options
1. Who discovered the cell?
a) Robert Brown
b) Matthias Schleiden
c) Robert Hooke
d) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
2. Who coined the term "protoplasm"?
a) Virchow
b) Purkinje
c) Schleiden
d) Schwann
3. What is the smallest known cell?
a) Amoeba
b) RBC
c) Mycoplasma
d) Virus
4. Who proposed the cell theory?
a) Darwin and Lamarck
b) Schleiden and Schwann
c) Hooke and Brown
d) Watson and Crick
5. What is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Mitochondria
d) Ribosome
6. Which organelle is absent in animal cells?
a) Ribosome
b) Cell wall
c) Mitochondria
d) Nucleus
7. Which part of the cell controls its activities?
a) Golgi body
b) Lysosome
c) Nucleus
d) Ribosome
8. Which organelle is found only in plant cells?
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosome
c) Plastids
d) Lysosome
9. What is the function of lysosomes?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) Digestion
d) Transport
10. Ribosomes help in the synthesis of:
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) DNA
d) Fats
11. What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell called?
a) Cytoplasm
b) Nucleus
c) Protoplasm
d) Chromatin
12. What is the basic unit of life?
a) Atom
b) Cell
c) Tissue
d) Organ
13. What is the outermost layer of a plant cell?
a) Plasma membrane
b) Cytoplasm
c) Cell wall
d) Nucleus
14. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
a) Ribosome
b) Chloroplast
c) Mitochondria
d) Nucleus
15. Which cell organelle is called the ‘suicidal bag’?
a) Ribosome
b) Golgi body
c) Lysosome
d) Nucleus
16. Which part of the cell contains chromosomes?
a) Cytoplasm
b) Nucleus
c) Ribosome
d) Mitochondria
17. Which of the following lacks a true nucleus?
a) Plant cell
b) Animal cell
c) Prokaryotic cell
d) Eukaryotic cell
18. Which cells have both cell wall and chloroplast?
a) Animal cells
b) Bacteria
c) Fungi
d) Plant cells
19. Which structure helps in cellular respiration?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Ribosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Nucleolus
20. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
a) Energy production
b) Digestion
c) Protein packaging
d) Cell division
21. What are the structural and functional units of life?
a) Organs
b) Tissues
c) Cells
d) Organ systems
22. Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying poisons?
a) Smooth ER
b) Rough ER
c) Golgi body
d) Lysosomes
23. In which part of the cell does protein synthesis occur?
a) Nucleus
b) Ribosome
c) Vacuole
d) Golgi
24. What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Cell division
b) Transport
c) Photosynthesis
d) Respiration
25. Which type of cell does not have membrane-bound organelles?
a) Plant cell
b) Animal cell
c) Eukaryotic cell
d) Prokaryotic cell
26. What is the name of the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus?
a) Plasma membrane
b) Cell wall
c) Nuclear envelope
d) Chromatin
27. What is the function of centrioles in animal cells?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Cell division
c) Respiration
d) Photosynthesis
28. Which organelle packages proteins for secretion?
a) Ribosome
b) Lysosome
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Chloroplast
29. What is the liquid part of the cytoplasm called?
a) Nucleoplasm
b) Matrix
c) Cytosol
d) Chromatin
30. Which structure is responsible for maintaining cell shape?
a) Plasma membrane
b) Cell wall
c) Cytoplasm
d) Nucleus
31. What is the site of ribosome production in the nucleus?
a) Chromosome
b) Chromatin
c) Nucleolus
d) Nuclear membrane
32. In which cell organelle is ATP produced?
a) Ribosome
b) Nucleus
c) Mitochondria
d) Golgi
33. Which organelle contains its own DNA and ribosomes?
a) Lysosome
b) Mitochondria
c) Nucleus
d) Ribosome
34. Which type of ER is involved in lipid synthesis?
a) Rough ER
b) Smooth ER
c) Golgi body
d) Lysosome
35. What are the small hair-like structures used for movement called?
a) Cilia
b) Pili
c) Flagella
d) Villi
36. Which of the following is a membrane-less organelle?
a) Lysosome
b) Ribosome
c) Golgi body
d) Vacuole
37. Which cell part is selectively permeable?
a) Cell wall
b) Cytoplasm
c) Plasma membrane
d) Nucleolus
38. What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?
a) Respiration
b) Transport
c) Storage
d) Digestion
39. What kind of cell has a cell wall but no chloroplast?
a) Animal cell
b) Bacterial cell
c) Fungal cell
d) Plant cell
40. Which organelle helps in intracellular transport?
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosome
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Nucleus
41. Which part of the cell is involved in cell division?
a) Centrioles
b) Lysosomes
c) Ribosomes
d) Vacuole
42. What is the composition of the plasma membrane?
a) Protein only
b) Lipid only
c) Lipid and protein
d) Carbohydrate and lipid
43. Where does the translation process take place?
a) Nucleus
b) Ribosome
c) Mitochondria
d) Nucleolus
44. Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?
a) Plant cell
b) Prokaryotic cell
c) Fungal cell
d) Animal cell
45. What are plastids found in plant cells used for?
a) Storage
b) Photosynthesis
c) Digestion
d) Respiration
46. What surrounds the cytoplasm in all cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Plasma membrane
c) Cell wall
d) Cytosol
47. Which part of the cell is responsible for producing enzymes?
a) Nucleus
b) Ribosome
c) Golgi body
d) Mitochondria
48. Which organelle is responsible for secretion and excretion?
a) Ribosome
b) Lysosome
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Plastids
49. What organelle breaks down waste materials in the cell?
a) Mitochondria
b) Lysosome
c) Nucleus
d) Ribosome
50. What gives rigidity to plant cells?
a) Cell membrane
b) Cell wall
c) Cytoplasm
d) Plastids
Cell: The Unit of Life – MCQ Answers
1. c) Robert Hooke
2. b) Purkinje
3. c) Mycoplasma
4. b) Schleiden and Schwann
5. c) Mitochondria
6. b) Cell wall
7. c) Nucleus
8. c) Plastids
9. c) Digestion
10. b) Proteins
11. a) Cytoplasm
12. b) Cell
13. c) Cell wall
14. b) Chloroplast
15. c) Lysosome
16. b) Nucleus
17. c) Prokaryotic cell
18. d) Plant cells
19. c) Mitochondria
20. c) Protein packaging
21. c) Cells
22. a) Smooth ER
23. b) Ribosome
24. b) Transport
25. d) Prokaryotic cell
26. c) Nuclear envelope
27. b) Cell division
28. c) Golgi apparatus
29. c) Cytosol
30. b) Cell wall
31. c) Nucleolus
32. c) Mitochondria
33. b) Mitochondria
34. b) Smooth ER
35. a) Cilia
36. b) Ribosome
37. c) Plasma membrane
38. c) Storage
39. c) Fungal cell
40. c) Endoplasmic reticulum
41. a) Centrioles
42. c) Lipid and protein
43. b) Ribosome
44. b) Prokaryotic cell
45. b) Photosynthesis
46. b) Plasma membrane
47. b) Ribosome
48. c) Golgi apparatus
49. b) Lysosome
50. b) Cell wall
